G. Portalone, L. Bencivenni, M. Colapietro,
A. Pieretti, F. Ramondo; Acta Chem. Scand.,
53, (1999), 57
Layman's explanation:
Thymine is one of the two pyrimidine bases used in forming nucleotides of the nucleic acids DNA and RNA. It is involved in the biosynthesis of DNA and in the preservation and transfer of genetic material. In DNA, thymine pairs with adenine most of the time; however, thymine is replaced with uracil in RNA. Thymine was the first pyrimidine to be purified from a natural source in 1893-1894. In 1900, the accepted thymine was published. Thymine combines with the sugar ribose to form thymidine, which in turn can be linked with up to three phosphoric acid units, yielding the three nucleotides TMP (thymidine monophosphate), TDP (thymidine diphosphate), and TTP (thymidine triphosphate).
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