Reference: Proc. Royal. Soc. London, A,
291, (1966), p324
Authors: D.E.Nixon, G.S.Parry, A.R.Ubbelohde
Layman's explanation:
In the the mid-16th century, a violent storm knocked over several trees in Borrowdale, England, uncovering a large deposit of a black substance that was first thought to be lead. More than 200 years later, an English scientist discovered that the substance was not actually lead, but a type of carbon instead. The substance was named graphite, after the Greek word meaning "to write," since that is how people used the substance. Graphite is a black silver with a metallic to dull luster. It has a hexagonal crystal system with crystals that are opaque. Due to its high temperature stability and chemical inertness graphite is a good candidate for a refractory material. It is used in the production of refractory bricks and in the production of Mag-carbon refractory bricks. Amorphous graphite is used in metallurgy, pencil production, and paint production.
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