Collagen is a simple macromolecule composed mainly of glycine, proline and hydroxyproline. The structural stability provided by collagen has warranted it a large component of tendons, bone, teeth, and the sheets that support the organs. Vitamin C is a necessary precursor for the biosynthesis of the collagen-residue hydroxyproline, hence, deficiencies of the vitamin can cause serious problems such as tooth loss and easy bruising. Collagen from animals has been used in the form of gelatin for human consumption. The formation of gelatin occurs when collagen denatures upon heating, soaking up nearby water molecules. The resulting structure is the gelatin substance. Another important factor to mention about collagen is that three percent of the population is allergic to the protein and may feel rashes, hives, headaches and other side effects if it is ingested or injected.
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